學(xué)校自我檢測違禁品試紙

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What is heroin: Heroin, diacetylmorphine, one of the purest products of the opiate drug family, is one of the major drugs taken by our drug abusers in recent years. British chemist C · Wright in 1874 in morphine by adding glacial acetic acid and other substances, for the first time to extract a better analgesic effect of semi-synthetic derivatives diacetyl morphine or heroin. Heroin white powder, slightly soluble in water, soluble in organic solvents, hydrochloric acid heroin easily soluble in water, the solution is colorless and transparent.

When heroin enters the body, it is first hydrolyzed to monoacetylmorphine and then hydrolyzed to morphine for further action. Because heroin is more water-soluble and fat-soluble than morphine, it absorbs faster in the body and easily penetrates the blood-brain barrier into the central nervous system, producing a strong reaction. Heroin with high purity has stronger inhibition than morphine Role, its analgesic effect is also 4-8 times that of morphine. The initial heroin was used as a drug to exacerbate morphine addiction and was later found to have a stronger drug dependence than morphine. The usual dose of addictive was continuously addtive for two weeks or less, resulting in serious drug dependence.

At present, the array of drugs in the world is divided into 10 categories: mainly opium, heroin, marijuana, cocaine, amphetamines, hallucinogens and other 10 types of drugs, of which heroin occupies the third and fourth numbers, namely No. 3 drug and No. 4 drug, so people in the world generally call it "heroin No. 3" and "heroin No. 4". Because of this habit, people mistakenly believe that there are one or two heroin, actually morphine or morphine salts.

The third heroin, also known as "Hong Kong Stone", "brown sugar", "White Dragon Ball" and so on, is morphine hydrochloride by chemical process diacetyl morphine, then add a large amount of diluent (such as strychnine, Scopolamine, aspirin, caffeine, etc.) and sometimes made of granular drugs, sometimes powdery, the color from light gray to dark gray. The total content of diacetylmorphine and monoacetylmorphine in heroin No. 3 is generally between 25% and 45%, and the caffeine content is between 30% and 60%. Adulteration is generally adulterated.

No. 4 heroin is not diluted in morphine hydrochloride after acetylation, but purified, and then after precipitation, to be dried. The diacetylmorphine content is generally above 80%, up to 98%. Pure or pure No. 4 heroin is a white, odorless and transparent powder, and is very delicate and rubs on the skin and disappears. But if it is not made well, it will appear light yellow, pink, sand or brown rough powder or even granular. At present, the identification of heroin in the world is qualitatively indefinite.

學(xué)校自我檢測違禁品試紙

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【公司名稱】 廣州健侖生物科技有限公司

【市場部】       楊永漢
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【公司地址】 廣州市清華科技園健新基地番禺石樓鎮(zhèn)健啟路63號二期2幢101-103室

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Vaccine levels of protective antibodies obtained from studies in rabbits and monkeys as experimental animals were used to predict the level of immune response in humans. When the animal model of inhalation anthrax has a 70% protection rate, it is considered a reasonable level of protection and may also be so in humans.
Rabbits were used to evaluate the effect of BioThrax for post-exposure injection combined with antibiotic therapy to increase survival. As a result, the survival rate of rabbits treated with both antibiotics and BioThrax was between 70-100%. The specific survival rate was related to the dosage and route of administration of the vaccine. Survival rates of rabbits treated with antibiotics were only 44% and 23%, respectively.
Adverse reactions to BioThrax are mainly local adverse reactions at the injection site, such as injection site pain, tenderness, pain, swelling, and limited arm motility during injection. The most common systemic side effects seen are muscle aches, headaches, and fatigue. Researchers have found a new gene that is highly resistant to the ultimate antibiotic in samples collected from humans and pigs in various parts of China, including infectious bacterial specimens.
Reuters reported on November 18 that scientists found the discovery "troubling" and called for an urgent limit on the use of polymyxins. Polymyxin is an antibiotic that includes medicinal colistin and is widely used in animal husbandry. Laura Picode, a professor of microbiology at the University of Birmingham in the United Kingdom, said: "All polymyxins must be used as quickly as possible and all unnecessary use is stopped."
Liu Jianhua, a research team at South China Agricultural University in China, published their research results in the British journal Lancet Infectious Bacteria. They found the gene called mcr-1 on the plasmid. Plasmids are removable DNA elements that are easily replicated and transferred between different bacteria. They say this shows "the worrying potential" that the gene has the ability to spread and mutate between bacterial populations.
The team has found evidence of the transfer of the mcr-1 gene from bacteria to bacteria, such as between E. coli, which causes infections of the urethra and other types, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which causes pneumonia and other infections. This shows that "the development from multi-drug resistance to pan-drug resistance is inevitable." "Although currently limited to China, mcr-1 is likely to be the same as other resistance genes ... and spread to the world quickly."
The growing spread of the mcr-1 resistance gene was discovered, reminiscent of news that another 2010 so-called "superbug" gene NDM-1 was discovered. That gene appeared in India and soon spread to the world.
Pidok et al say that there is now a need to establish a global mcr-1 drug resistance gene surveillance system in an effort to stop the spread of polymyxin-resistant bacteria.
China is one of the largest producers and consumers of colistin for agriculture and veterinary in the world.